Assessment of geomorphological landforms and features in the Sebkhas region of the Boulhilet Plain, north-eastern Algeria

Abstract

This paper aims to enhance the knowledge of the geomorphological landforms and features in the Algerian Sebkhas region, (Boulhilet alluvial plain, Constantine High Plains, northeast Algeria), by creating the first geomorphological map of the area at 1:50,000 scale. The methodology adopted in this study is based on an integrated approach which combines the analysis of multi-source data starting from field observations, dedicated GIS and remote sensing data analysis (i.e., DEM and derived maps). The approach consists of accurately mapping the various landforms and features, along with the integration of geological, pedological, climatic, and hydrological data. Moreover, the Sentinel-1 SAR images in Google Earth Engine platform were used to assess areas prone to flooding. Results revealed that the landscape configuration is characterized by complex and active geomorphological processes influenced by tectonic, climatic, and hydrogeological factors. In particular, sebkhas, lunettes, ephemeral wadi channels, gullies, as well as other landforms related to flash flooding were identified, mapped, and illustrated. In addition, the study area is affected by various soil degradation phenomena, including salinization and soil erosion. This novel study lays the foundation for advancing the understanding of the geomorphological complexity of the area and its relationship with the environmental setting, leading to several potential implications and benefits from both scientific and applied perspectives.